History of Relational Database

Hao-Wei He Wilmington University October 9, 2010 Abstract selective informationbase dodge wealthy person been inseparable with our daily life, since IBM developed the hierarchical database management system in 1969, database system has been innovated many times, such as hierarchical database, network database, relational database, and object-oriented database. Nowadays, relational database still is the most popular model affaird by different industries this obligate is going to introduce the history of the relational database.History of Relational Database Data, which can be defined as an entity of meaning, it is the original material to construct message and knowledge. Thanks to the assist of computer, data touch on practices reached several important milestones. The earliest way to store data are done through manual file management, all documents go away be filed and then store, but this method had many processing restrict, such as search, storage takes up a lot of space, an d cannot be introduction by people at the same time.After IBM announced the first set of hard disk drive for data storage in 1956, due to the innovate evolution of hard drive, and the access speed much faster than magnetic tape, it replaced the tape drive gradually, and then direct access file system developed. Although direct access file system could access each files directly and improved a lot of missing, but since the objects are files, it still lack of flexibility of processing. Database can be considered to automatically query and modify data sets.There are a class of database types from the simplest store all kinds of information forms to large-scale database systems that able to process a variety of mass data storage, are widely used in all inspects of applications. The advantages of database management system * Reduced redundancy * Integrated data * Integrity * Data commonality * Protect data safety and privacy The disadvantages of database management system * Overall op erating cost will increase * More complex to use Need to backup regularly, or unexpected conditions will reach serious data damage * Hard to training database administrator * Difficult to integrate or manage different format from multi systems Therefore, there was an idea about divide files into a sum of record, and store it as an unit in the computer, it also organise the Centralized Database System, it can record a record through hard disk drive, and can directly navigate to the record or field for further data processing and computing.This concept also derived to the following data types * Hierarchical Data ideal (1960s) Use record as a processing unit, and organize record by tree complex body part. As a result of the characteristic of tree structure, hierarchical data model particularly suitable for follow One to Many data composition relationship but Many to Many relationship. * Network Data Model (1970s)As a result of the tree structure does not reflect network connection relationship between data and data, so after hierarchical data model, some groups proposed Network Data Model, organize records by network structure. However, records in both Hierarchical data model and network data model use link to strung together, so when programming applications must accommodate the structure status between links, a lot of dependencies between programming applications and data structure, and the independence of data is hard to reach, cause the system difficult to maintain. Relational Data Model (1970 present) Edgar Codd, a British computer scientist, proposed Relational Data Model in 1970, emphasize the applications should not have any dependencies with internal structure of data, it also known as Data Independence, this data model lead the development of the database system entered a stark naked milestone. In relational data model, data use record as a processing unit, and organize record in tabular form.The applications just look to the tabular structure, without to understanding the internal structure of the data. Conclusion Relational Database Management System (Relational DBMS) is the most widely used database management system in new-fangled years, the mainly reason is the concept of relational data models is simple, and the basic theory was developed very completely. Since Relational Database management System be proposed in 1970, some all the commercial database management systems are based on this model.We often hear of the data table, is a relational database foundation.References Yung-Fang Chen, Relational Database management system lecture, Retrieved from http//allen. chen. pay heed/teachdata. htm Jeffrey H. , Mary P. , & Heikki T. (2009). Modern Database Management 9th Edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Shou-Jeng Tseng. Review Database System and Future Research Develop. Taiwan, Retrieved from http//www. iicm. org. tw/communication/c1_1/page02. html.